Many of the leaders of the revolution such as G. Karaiskakis, Gr. Liakatas, Ch. Chatzipetros, Stournaras, etc., were active on the plateau of Nevropoli. The inhabitants were active in the revolution of 1854 as well. Although the revolution of 1878 revived the hopes for independence (the region would eventually gain independence in 1881), the region showed a decline. A census of the time shows the lowest population in comparison to later demographic development. This phenomenon was due to natural disasters, the Spanish flu of 1917, and economic degeneration.
The census of 1940 shows the highest recorded population. However, World War II, the Greek Civil War and the ensuing destruction of villages would lead to general decline. In fact, the majority of the villages in Nevropoli were destroyed in WWII. The Resistance against the occupying forces was highly supported by the armed forces of the region. The greatest example of their dedication was the construction and operation of the Resistance Airport (1943-44) by three Greek Mechanical Engineers (Samouilidis, Kouvaretakis, Vlavos) on the uplands of Nevropoli (approximately 800 m altitude) to serve the needs of combat. Allied planes landed there by night to unload and would take off again for Africa or Sicily .

         Here the first Russian aeroplane, which brought the Soviet Military Delegation, headed by Colonel Popov to E.L.A.S. (the Greek Popular Army) landed. Today the waters of Lake Plastira submerge the area where the airport was located.
According to sparse written testimonies, the capital of the region, Karditsa, should have been established during the Turkish Occupation towards the end of the 17th c (1650). At the beginning of the 19th c. it was a trading post between the plains and the mountainous areas. In 1821, however, it was almost deserted due to plague and was re-inhabited only after 1858.
               On 18/08/1881 Karditsa was liberated from the Turks, who set it on fire while retreating. During WWI, the French troops under Sarrail were lodged in Karditsa until the government of Venizelos was in place. Karditsa was the first European city to be liberated from the German occupying forces in March 1943. The E.L.A.S. headquarters appointed Th. Toulia from Morphovouni (Vounesi) as garrison commander .

                             karditsa

                 Karditsa, the capital of the prefecture, is built near a tributary of the Pineios, in the heart of the rich Thessalian plain. The renovated municipal market, the “Pafsilypo” park, the Greek Orthodox cathedral (metropolis) of Aghios Konstantinos, the church of the Zoodochos Pigi (Life-bearing Source). Located 18 km southwest of Karditsa, 1,150 m asl, is the historic Korona Monastery, a religious and cultural center during the Ottoman period. One of the most important sights in the prefecture is the man-made lake of the river Tavropos or Megdova, known as Lake Nikolaos Plastiras, in honour of the distinguished general and politician from Karditsa who in 1925 conceived the idea of building a dam. The dam was constructed in 1959, at an altitude of 1,000 m, and supplied the whole of Thessaly with water and hydroelectric power. There are tourist amenities in the lake’s idyllic surroundings. The medicinal springs at Smokovo and Kaitsas; Philia with ruins of an Early Christian basilica (5th c.) on the site of the sanctuary of Athena Itonia; the Mycenaean tholos tomb (1500 BC) outside Georgiko; ancient Gomphoi near Mouzaki; ancient Kierion near Sofades; the twenty mountain villages of Agrithea with their traditional architecture and stone bridges; the highland town of Rendina which is a characteristic scheduled settlement; the Petra Monastery near Lambero are just some of the many places of interest in the prefecture .